Which stage in Erik Erikson's development model corresponds to children aged 4-5 years?

The stage that corresponds to children aged 4-5 years in Erik Erikson's development model is Initiative vs. Guilt. During this stage, children begin to assert control and power over their environment through directing play and other social interactions. They are developing initiative by taking the lead in activities and exploring new skills, which can include imaginative play, trying new things, and engaging with peers.

When children successfully navigate this stage, they develop a sense of initiative, which fosters a feeling of being capable and able to make decisions. However, if they are overly criticized or thwarted in their efforts, they may develop feelings of guilt about their needs and desires. This internal struggle between taking initiative and feeling guilty for taking action is central to this developmental phase.

In contrast, the other stages are associated with different age groups and developmental tasks. Trust vs. Mistrust occurs in infancy, Industry vs. Inferiority typically applies to children aged 6-11 years, and Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt generally pertains to toddlers aged 1-3 years. Each stage builds upon the previous ones, but for the 4-5 year age group, Initiative vs. Guilt is the focus of development according to Erikson.